2019中考英语复习重点定语从句易混点

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中考英语复习重点定语从句易混点

易错点一关系代词和关系副词的混用。

例1. I’ll never fet the days hen I spent in Ne York ith you.

例 2. I’ll never fet the days hich I visited Ne York ith you.

析例1中的hen应改为hich或that;例2中的hich应改为hen.区分关系代词和关系副词的关键是看它们在定语从句中所充当的成分。如果定语从句中缺少主语、宾语,就应考虑使用关系代词,如例1;若定语从句中缺少状语,就应考虑使用关系副词,如例2.

易错点二固定句式出差错。

例3. Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves her.

例4. Mary is so lovely a girl that everybody loves.

析例3中的as应改为that;例4中的that应改为as.so…as或so…that为固定句式,前者为as引导的定语从句,as在定语从句中作宾语或主语,如例4;后者为that引导的结果状语从句,该从句的成分是完整的,不缺少主语或宾语,如例3.类似的固定句式还有the sa… as (that),such…as,as…as等。

易错点三主谓不一致。

例5. Tom is one of the students ho likes simming.

例6. Tom is the only one of the students ho like simming.

析例5中的likes应改为like;例6中的like应改为likes.在“one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构中,定语从句的先行词是复数名词,故谓语动词要用复数形式,如例5;在“the (only) one of+复数名词+定语从句”结构中,先行词是one,而不是复数名词,故谓语动词要用单数形式,如例6.

易错点四与强调句型及其他句型的混合。

例7. Was it in the shop that you bought the rerder that you lost your pen?

例8. You’d better make a mark at here you have any questions.

析例7中第一个that应改为here;例8中应去掉at.例7为带有定语从句的强调句,you bought the rerder为定语从句,其引导词应用here,后面第二个that才是强调句中的that,此句可还原为You lost your pen in the shop here you bought the rerder .例8为here引导的地点状语从句。

易错点五对先行词概念不明确。

例9. It this library that you visited yesterday?

例10. Is this the library here you visited yesterday?

析例9中应在library后加the one;例10中的here应去掉或改为that或hich.在例9中,this library是主语,is是谓语,that引导的是定语从句,但没有先行词,故应补加先行词;在例10中,the library是先行词,定语从句缺少宾语,故应用that或hich来引导,也可以省略。

易错点六特殊名词作先行词时关系词的选取错误。

例11. I don’t like the ay hich you speak to her.

例12. I don’t care for pay. I just ant to get a job that I can be greatly valued.

析例11中应在hich前加in或将hich改为that或去掉;例12中的that应改为here或in hich .在定语从句中,有些特殊名词作先行词时其关系词的选取有一定的特殊性,如ay作先行词时,其引导词可用that或in hich或省略,如例11;与ay相似的还有job,situation,point,case等作先行词时,关系词常用here或inhich,如例12.

易错点七忽略as和hich引导非限定性定语从句的区别。

例13. He failed in the exam again, hich as expected.

例14. He failed in the exam again, as as not hat he had expected.

析例13中的hich应改为as;例14中的as应改为hich.as和hich虽然都可引导非限制性定语从句,但仍有以下三点区别(1)as有“正如;就像”之意,而hich没有;(2)as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于句首、句中或句末,而hich只能置于句末;(3)如果非限制性定语从句是否定句时,只能用hich引导。

易错点八忽略that和hich引导限制性定语从句的区别。

例15.This is the most exciting football ga hich I have ever seen.

例16. Here are the samples that — had I thought of it — you uld have taken ith you yesterday.

析例15中的hich应改为that;例16中的that应改为hich.当先行词被最高级、序数词修饰或先行词本身是不定代词时,只能用hat来引导定语从句,如例15;当关系词后面有插入成分时,只能用hich来引导定语从句,如例16.

易错点九介词前置出差错。

例17. The to things ith hich Marx as not sure ere the grammar and so of the idioms.

例18. Tell him all the things to hich he should pay attention.

析例17中的ith应改为about或of;例18中应把to移到attention的后面。在定语从句中前置的介词必须和后面的动词或形容词构成固定搭配,如例17;但并不是所有的固定搭配中的介词都可前置,如例18.

易错点十hich和hose的意义不明确。

例19. The book hich ver is broken is of great help to all of us.

例20. The book of hose ver is broken is of great help to all of us.

析例19中的hich应改为hose;例20中的hose应改为hich.在定语从句中,关系代词hich不能在定语从句中作定语,但hose可作定语,“hose+n”相当于“the+n+ofhich”或“of hich+the+n”。

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